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Symptoms

Asthma symptoms vary from person to person. You may have infrequent asthma attacks, have symptoms only at certain times — such as when exercising — or have symptoms all the time.

Asthma signs and symptoms include :

- Shortness of breath
- Chest tightness or pain
- Wheezing when exhaling, which is a common sign of asthma in children
- Trouble sleeping caused by shortness of breath, coughing or wheezing
- Coughing or wheezing attacks that are worsened by a respiratory virus, such as a cold or the flu

Signs that your asthma is probably worsening include :

- Asthma signs and symptoms that are more frequent and bothersome
- Increasing difficulty breathing, as measured with a device used to check how well your lungs are working (peak flow meter)
- The need to use a quick-relief inhaler more often

For some people, asthma signs and symptoms flare up in certain situations :

- Exercise-induced asthma, which may be worse when the air is cold and dry
- Occupational asthma, triggered by workplace irritants such as chemical fumes, gases or dust
- Allergy-induced asthma, triggered by airborne substances, such as pollen, mold spores, cockroach waste, or particles of skin and dried saliva shed by pets (pet dander)

What asthma treatment options are there?

You have options to help manage your asthma. Your healthcare provider may prescribe medications to control symptoms.

- Bronchodilators : These medicines relax the muscles around your airways. The relaxed muscles let the airways move air. They also let mucus move more easily through the airways. These medicines relieve your symptoms when they happen and are used for intermittent and chronic asthma.
- Anti-inflammatory medicines : These medicines reduce swelling and mucus production in your airways. They make it easier for air to enter and exit your lungs.
- Biologic therapies for asthma: These are used for severe asthma when symptoms persist despite proper inhaler therapy.

You can take asthma medicines in several different ways. You may breathe in the medicines using a metered-dose inhaler, nebulizer or another type of asthma inhaler.

- Immunotherapy : This treatment works by helping your body learn to tolerate allergens. Over time, your immune system develops immunity to the allergen and stops launching a reaction to it.

Nebulizer vs Inhaler

Both inhalers and nebulizers deliver medication directly to the lungs, but the right choice depends on your condition.

Inhaler

- Portable and convenient
- Quick medication delivery
- Ideal for daily asthma and COPD management
- Equally effective when used with the correct technique

Nebulizer

- Converts medicine into a fine mist
- Useful during severe breathing difficulty
- Suitable for young children, elderly patients, and those unable to use inhalers properly
- Often used in hospitals and during acute exacerbations

Your pulmonologist will recommend the device best suited to your medical condition and lifestyle.

Frequently Asked Questions – Myths About Inhalers

No. Inhalers are not addictive. They deliver medication directly to the lungs and should be used as prescribed to keep asthma and COPD under control.

Not always. Many preventive (controller) inhalers need to be used every day, even if you feel well, to reduce airway inflammation and prevent future attacks.

No. Inhalers are actually safer in many cases because they deliver a small dose of medicine directly to the lungs, reducing side effects compared to oral medications.

No. When used correctly, inhalers help protect the lungs by improving breathing, reducing inflammation, and preventing disease progression.

Not necessarily. The duration of treatment depends on your condition. Some patients may need long-term therapy, while others can reduce or stop inhalers under their doctor's supervision.

Yes. Inhalers are safe for all age groups when used with the correct technique. Devices such as spacers can make inhaler use easier for children and elderly patients.

No. Stopping inhalers without medical advice can lead to worsening symptoms and increase the risk of severe asthma or COPD flare-ups.

Using the correct inhaler technique is essential. During your consultation, Dr. Shweta Gargiya will demonstrate the proper technique and review it regularly to ensure you receive the full benefit of your treatment.

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